Refinery Water Engineering Training Center

Physical – Mechanical Pretreatment Systems
Presented by: Davis L. Ford, Ph.D., P.E., NAE

Program consists of 4 Lamar Course lectures captured on video.
Total approximate run time 2.25 hours.

This presentation covers the design and operation of the major pretreatment systems in the central WWTP configuration, including API Oil-Water Separators, as well as Dissolved \ Induced Air Flotation Oil & Solids Separation. Equalization and "off-spec." Diversion strategy design considerations are reviewed. Important compliance guidelines for the handling of sludge, as well as for operational considerations such as mixing are addressed. Downstream effects on biological wastewater treatment processes are reviewed. Upstream source control is also considered in the operation of these systems.

Analytical Protocol for Process Control, Clarifier Troubleshooting & Advanced Solids Flux Analysis
Presented by: Dr. Jerry Lin

Program consists of 6 Lamar Course lectures captured on video.
Total approximate run time 3.25 hours.

Analytical Protocol for Process Control
This presentation discusses the methods of characterizing refinery wastewater for its biological treatment. The physics, chemistry, biology and required laboratory equipment for the measurements are reviewed. The significance of each water quality parameter is related to the treatment process in terms of wastewater treatability. Specific topics include: overview of activated sludge process, measurements of wastewater quality (dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demands, chemical oxygen demand, solids, nutrients, sludge volume index, etc.), monitoring of wastewater characteristics for treatment management and statistical treatment of water quality data.

Clarifier Troubleshooting & Advanced Solids Flux Analysis
This presentation reviews the growth phases and the associated floc characteristics of microorganisms. The solids balance analysis in secondary clarifiers is discussed. The application of actual plant Sludge Volume Index (SVI) data is programmed in an interactive demonstration of advanced State Point \ Solids Flux analysis. An interactive Solids Flux Predictive Model is presented. Specific topics include bacterial growth and substrate utilization in biological wastewater treatment, reactor and clarifier engineering for biological wastewater treatment, calculation of solids flux with adjustment optimizations, and analysis of solids transport in secondary clarifiers.

Operational Process Control Strategy / Predictive & Definitive Biokinetic Modeling / Upstream Source Control and Wastewater Reuse
Presented by: David Kujawski

Program consists of 7 Lamar Course lectures captured on video.
Total approximate run time 4.5 hours

Operational Process Control Strategy
This presentation builds a Quantitative Process Control System from the ground up. Detailed Analytical Protocol is examined. Interpretation of analytical results is presented in a systematic approach. Mean Cell Retention Time and Food to Mass operational strategies are interactively studied. Quantitative adjustment formulas for the process control variables are interactively studied and applied. Carbonaceous removal and Nitrification mechanisms are reviewed. Process variable adjustments are related to both compliance and economics. Valuable reference materials for ease of day-to-day process control operations are provided and explained.

Predictive & Definitive Biokinetic Modeling
This presentation covers the application of the most advanced process control tools for Biokinetic Modeling. Practical use of Biokinetic Modeling tools in an Operations setting are examined. Procedures for determining full-scale plant Biokinetic Constants are presented. Interpretation of Biokinetic Constant data is explained. Software adjuncts for these tools are demonstrated. The Gaudy Model is featured, along with The Lawrence & McCarty Model. Case histories of modeling projects are reviewed.

Upstream Source Control and Wastewater Reuse
This presentation explores critical considerations for the implementation of Source Control as a process control tool for the central WWTP. Early Detection of "off- spec." influent as well as efficient Diversionary strategy for such influent is addressed. Upstream Analytical Protocol to accommodate Source Control is reviewed. Specific Upstream Testing Methods are presented. Two upstream processes are focused on: Desalting & Sour Water Stripping. Reuse of certain wastewater streams as supply water is presented from both a compliance and an economic perspective.

Liquids Solids Separation & Clarification / Microscopic Techniques for Process Control
Presented by: Dr. David Jenkins

Program consists of 7 Lamar Course lectures captured on video.
Total approximate run time 4.5 hours.

Liquids Solids Separation & Clarification
This presentation starts with the review of the theories of Liquids-Solids Separation. Various Secondary Clarifier designs are reviewed, and design considerations are focused on. All variables in the clarification process are examined. Clarifier performance metrics are evaluated based on Effluent Quality and Sludge Thickening. Sludge Recycle and Wasting strategies are reviewed. Sludge De-Watering & Disposal operations are also examined from the standpoint of economics.

Microscopic Techniques for Process
This presentation builds a solid foundation in learning how to use the Microscope as a biological wastewater treatment process control tool. Interactively covered are Microscope Operation & Maintenance, Microscopic Slide Preparations & Stains, Series of Pertinent Tests, Test Procedures, Identification of Strains, Interpretation of Test Results, and Relationships of Test Results to Process Control Adjustments. Protozoa, Zooglea, Filaments, and Floc-Formers are examined. Polysaccharide secretion is addressed.

RCRA Sludge Handling & Disposal Systems
Presented by: Eddie Sechrest

Program consists of 1 Lamar Course lecture captured on video.
Total approximate run time .5 hour

This presentation covers treatment system designs and equipment considerations for the processing and disposal of RCRA listed Sludges. This is presented from 2 perspectives, both Compliance and Economics. Common processing mistakes are focused on. Various treatment system design configurations are compared from a cost - benefit approach.

NPDES & RCRA Permit Compliance / VOC Emissions and NESHAPS Control
Presented by: Dr. Lial Tischler

Program consists of 5 Lamar Course lectures captured on video.
Total approximate run time 2.5 hours.

NPDES & RCRA Permit Compliance
This presentation establishes the guidelines for regulatory compliance on wastewater and related sludge. The understanding of NPDES Effluent Discharge regulations is condensed into an easy to follow summary based on frequency of relative concern. The understanding of RCRA Sludge Disposal regulations is condensed into an easy to follow summary based on frequency of relative concern. Important RCRA & NPDES considerations of specific nature to oil, gas, and petrochemicals are examined in great detail. Common testing method interferences are presented.

VOC Emissions and NESHAPS Control
This presentation covers Volatile Organic Compounds, Benzene, and Air Quality control. NESHAPS compliance regulations are condensed and reviewed based on frequency of concern. Various treatment system designs are reviewed from both a compliance and an economic perspective. Experimental Design and Treatability Study criteria are examined. Appropriate testing protocols for both compliance and process control are reviewed. Several real plant examples and case histories are illustrated.

Introduction to Clarifier State Point Analysis
Presented by: Dr. David Jenkins

Process Modeling & Statistical Techniques
Presented by: Dr. Jerry Lin

Program consists of 4 Lamar Course lectures captured on video.
Total approximate run time 2.0 hours.

Introduction to Clarifier State Point Analysis
This presentation builds the foundation for understanding the process variables in the operation of Secondary Clarifiers in a biological Activated Sludge treatment design. In particular the inter-relationships of the Clarifier process variables are quantified. The Clarifier State Point Analysis is examined from 2 perspectives: Solids Settling & Solids Thickening. Process control adjustment strategies are derived from various results of the State Point Analysis. The value of the State Point Analysis tool is interactively demonstrated for achieving quantified process control of Secondary Clarifiers.

Process Modeling & Statistical Techniques
This presentation builds a foundation for understanding Biokinetic Theory & Principles. The value of using kinetic rate data across a wide range of parameters is interactively demonstrated. The practical use of Statistical Analysis as a process control tool across multi- variant platforms is examined. Experimental Design using Statistical Analysis is illustrated as a valuable process control tool. The use of Statistical Analysis as a pre-qualifying stage in the development of Physical Models in presented.

Chemical Oxidation Treatment Alternatives
Presented by: Michael Fagan

Program consists of 2 Lamar Course lecture captured on video.
Total approximate run time 1 hour

This presentation explores chemical oxidation treatment alternatives in wastewater applications. Usage of Hydrogen Peroxide, Potassium Permanganate, Fenton's Reagent, Chlorine, and few additional alternatives for Hydroxyl Radical generation are all examined. Pretreatment for Hydrogen Sulfide and Phenols is addressed. Control of Filamentous Organisms and Algae is also covered. Supplemental supply of Oxygen and Oxidation of Selenium species are also studied. Case histories of applications are reviewed, as well as special safety considerations required in the handling of these strong oxidizers.

Selenium & Mercury Removal Alternatives
Presented by: Ryan A. McAfee P.E., LEED AP

Program consists of 1 Lamar Course lecture captured on video.
Total approximate run time 33 minutes.

This presentation covers 2 of the more recently expressed concerns for contaminant removal and compliance: Selenium & Mercury. The increasing regulatory attention for these contaminants is discussed. Sources and treatment alternatives are reviewed. Various treatment system design configurations are compared from a cost - benefit approach.

Refinery and Petrochemical Wastewater Treatment Training Course
Aeration and Energy Considerations
Presented by: Michael K. Stenstrom, Ph.D., P.E. BCEE

Program consists of 5 Lamar Course lectures captured on video.
Total approximate run time 2.5 hours.

This presentation provides a comprehensive study of Aeration of Biological Wastewater Treatment Systems, and the critical energy requirements. Various aeration design configurations are compared, along with capital and operating cost considerations. Design engineering calculations are interactively worked on. Process control systems and system troubleshooting are systematically reviewed. Pilot testing protocols for design evaluations are presented. Case histories of installations are analyzed. Aeration calculations from every perspective are presented as an operational process control tool.